What are the components of a router and their functions

The router mainly consists of four parts, namely the power interface, which is used to connect power. Then there is the reset button, which can restore the factory settings of the router. Next is the connection port between the switch and router, which is connected to a home broadband modem (or switch) using a network cable. Finally, there is the connection port between the computer and the router, which uses a network cable to connect the computer to the router.

Function and Function

From the perspective of filtering network traffic, the role of routers is very similar to that of switches and bridges. However, unlike switches that work on the Data link layer of the network and physically divide network segments, routers use special software protocols to logically divide the entire network.

For example, a router that supports the IP protocol can divide the network into multiple sub network segments. Only network traffic pointing to a special IP address can pass through the router. For each received packet, the router recalculates the verification value and writes a new physical address.

Therefore, the speed of forwarding and filtering data using routers is often slower than switches that only view the physical addresses of data packets. However, for networks with complex structures, using routers can improve the overall efficiency of the network. Another obvious advantage of routers is that they can automatically filter Webcast. Overall, the entire installation process of adding routers to the network is much more complex than that of plug and play switches.

information transmission

Some routers only support a single protocol, but most routers can support the transmission of multiple protocols, namely multi-protocol routers. Due to each protocol having its own rules, completing algorithms for multiple protocols in a single router will inevitably reduce the performance of the router.


The main job of a router is to find the best transmission path for each data frame that has not passed through the router and effectively transmit that data to the destination site. From this, it can be seen that the strategy of selecting the best path, namely the routing algorithm, is the key to routers.


In order to complete this task, the router stores various transmission path related data - Routing Table - for use in routing selection. The path table stores information such as subnet flags, the number of routers on the network, and the name of the next router. The path table can be fixed and set by the system administrator.

Static routing Table: The system administrator sets a fixed path table in advance, which is called a static path table 4G Cat4 Cpe.

Dynamic routing Table: The dynamic path table is a path table that the router automatically adjusts according to the operation of the network system.

Router is a multi port device, which can connect different transmission rates and run in various local area networks and wide area networks, and can also use different protocols. Routers belong to the third layer of the OSI model - the network layer. Guiding data transmission from one network segment to another can also guide data transmission from one network to another Indoor Access Point.

Firstly, network interconnection: Routers support various LAN and WAN interfaces, mainly used for interconnecting LANs and WANs to achieve communication between different networks 4G/5G Wireless CPE ;

Secondly, data processing: providing functions such as packet filtering, packet forwarding, priority, reuse, encryption, compression, and firewall;

Thirdly, network management: Routers provide functions such as router configuration management, performance management, fault tolerance management, and traffic control.